Which technology helps in ensuring computer configurations meet security requirements before accessing a network?

Network Access Protection (NAP) is the technology that ensures computer configurations meet security requirements before they are allowed to access a network. NAP works by evaluating the health of a computer, which includes checking for updated antivirus definitions, system updates, and security policies. If a device does not comply with the established health requirements, NAP can restrict its access to the network and provide remediation options to bring the machine up to compliance. This method helps organizations maintain a secure network environment by ensuring that only compliant devices can connect.

The other options serve different purposes in securing a network. A VPN provides a secure tunnel for remote users to connect to a network but does not assess the security compliance of the endpoint. A firewall controls incoming and outgoing traffic based on predefined security rules, but it does not check the compliance of the device itself. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) monitors network traffic for suspicious activities and policy violations but does not enforce security policies prior to granting network access. Therefore, NAP is the appropriate choice for ensuring that devices meet security configurations before accessing the network.