Which of the following is an effective method for preventing unauthorized physical access to a facility?

Installing security cameras is an effective method for preventing unauthorized physical access to a facility because they serve as a deterrent to potential intruders and provide a means of monitoring the premises. By placing security cameras at strategic locations, organizations can not only deter theft and vandalism but also enable real-time monitoring and recording of activities. This can help catch unauthorized individuals in the act and provides valuable evidence if an incident occurs. Additionally, the presence of cameras can make employees and visitors feel more secure, reinforcing the overall security posture of the facility.

While other options may contribute to overall security in different ways, they are not directly related to preventing unauthorized physical access. Passwords are primarily used for protecting digital access, firewalls safeguard network traffic, and software updates enhance security by patching vulnerabilities, but none of these options address the physical security of a facility like security cameras do.