In an SSL connection, what is the primary method of authentication?

In an SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) connection, the primary method of authentication is through the use of certificates. SSL utilizes a system of digital certificates issued by trusted certificate authorities (CAs) to verify the identities of the parties involved in the communication. When a client connects to a server over SSL, the server presents its digital certificate to the client.

This certificate contains the server’s public key and is signed by a CA, thereby providing assurance that the server is indeed who it claims to be. The client checks the validity of the certificate by ensuring it is not expired, has not been revoked, and was issued by a trusted CA. This process establishes a secure channel by ensuring that the data is being sent to the correct server rather than an impostor trying to intercept the communication.

The focus on certificates as the primary method of authentication in SSL connections emphasizes the importance of cryptographic techniques in maintaining the security and integrity of online communications. Other options, like IPsec (which is generally used for securing Internet Protocol communications) and biometrics (which are individual physical characteristics and not applicable in this context), do not serve the primary role in SSL authentication.